EM7455 Not connecting/registering to Network

I am facing several issues with the Sierra EM7455 Modem.
Many parts I already documented here: Flash successfull but couldn't enable modem - GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.ModemManager1.Error.Core.Retry: Invalid transition' · Issue #156 · danielewood/sierra-wireless-modems · GitHub

The TLDR is that:

  • Using Firmware Version 02.38.00.00 I CANNOT even enable the adapter. It’s stuck in low-power mode. And no matter what AT commands I send, or FCC Unlock using NetworkManager I do, it just won’t work. I even tried to disable FCC lock using EM7455, Deactivate Low-Power-Mode - #22 by fs1 but to no avail.
  • Using Firmware Version 02.33.03.00 I CAN successfully enable the adapter, but I cannot register to the network. I either get “Registration Failed” or simply non-specific error messages (“Connection attempt failed.”).

So for now I stick with Firmware Version 02.33.03.00. I can see something is happening, the Signal Strength % is around 20%-50% (better than 0% !), but apart from that not much is going on. The “POWER” and “WAN” LEDs in the USB adapter I am using stay permanently ON now, whereas with the newer firmware the WAN LED would always stay OFF !

I tried changing Authentication from None to CHAP to PAP/CHAP (both) but either way it won’t work.

I am located in Denmark and my provider is TDC.dk and according to the instructions, the APN should simply be “internet”. Not a lot of information available concerning PAP or CHAP or authentication overall.

Some information

AT!GSTATUS?
!GSTATUS: 
Current Time:  772              Temperature: 22
Reset Counter: 1                Mode:        ONLINE         
System mode:   LTE              PS state:    Not attached 
LTE band:      B8               LTE bw:      10 MHz  
LTE Rx chan:   3700             LTE Tx chan: 4294967295
LTE CA state:  NOT ASSIGNED
EMM state:     Deregistered     Attach Needed  
RRC state:     RRC Idle       
IMS reg state: No Srv  

PCC RxM RSSI:  -88              RSRP (dBm):  -123
PCC RxD RSSI:  -81              RSRP (dBm):  -111
Tx Power:      --               TAC:         C4E2 (50402)
RSRQ (dB):     -12.8            Cell ID:     032DC578 (53331320)
SINR (dB):      1.6

Any idea on how to proceed further ?

The firmware was upgraded through GitHub - danielewood/sierra-wireless-modems: EM7565/EM7455/MC7455 - Modem Configuration and it seems to have been successful.

But, as I said, Firmware Version 02.38.00.00 doesn’t work at all (cannot even enable the module even though FCC unlock etc was correctly set). So working with Firmware Version 02.33.03.00 :slight_smile: .

seems the RSRP signal is quite bad…

what are the return of the followings?


ati3
AT!IMPREF?
AT!SELRAT?
AT!BAND?
AT+cpin?
AT!uims?
AT+CGDCONT?
ati3
Manufacturer: Sierra Wireless, Incorporated
Model: EM7455
Revision: SWI9X30C_02.33.03.00 r8209 CARMD-EV-FRMWR2 2019/08/28 2AT!F?
!IMPREF: 
 preferred fw version:    02.33.03.00
 preferred carrier name:  GENERIC
 preferred config name:   GENERIC_002.07AT!SELRAT?
!SELRAT: 00, Automatic


OK
AT!BAND?
Index, Name
00, All bands


OK
AT+cpin?
+CPIN: READY

OK
AT!uims?
!UIMS: 0

OK
AT+CGDCOT?
+CGDCONT: 1,"IPV4V6","bredband.oister.dk","0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0",0,0,0,0

OK



Which is weird because the APN set in OpenWRT & the APN set in the SIM card should be TDC.dk.

Don’t know why it’s stuck on bredband.oister.dk.
Using OpenWRT in QMI mode I could, for a short moment, get it to work with the Oister.dk SIM card (whose subscription was supposed to be paused - doesn’t make much sense).

But now I am using TDC.dk SIM card & OpenWRT configured using ModemManager to APN=internet (as instructed by TDC.dk).

So not sure what is going on here. Seems like one SIM card permanently set the APN & locked to it or what ?

can you shut down the modem manager?
also you need to check antenna as the received signal is bad

Then I’ll need to try on Ubuntu 23.10. Not sure if/how to shutdown ModemManager.

About antennas they are as good as they get for these short 15-ish cm long ones.

I have big Poyting antennas outside of my house I planned to use, but cannot debug like that. Then I’d need to run like a 30m long USB cable (which I don’t think I have) …

Sure I can also setup a Raspberry PI near the Poynting antenna etc but I’m not to that point yet.

Quick test on Ubuntu 23.10 with these short Antennas.

# systemctl stop ModemManager
# minicom -b 115200 -D /dev/ttyUSB2


Welcome to minicom 2.8

OPTIONS: I18n 
Port /dev/ttyUSB2, 12:40:01

Press CTRL-A Z for help on special keys

ATE1
OK
AT!GSTATUS?
!GSTATUS: 
Current Time:  29               Temperature: 22
Reset Counter: 1                Mode:        ONLINE         
System mode:   WCDMA            PS state:    Not attached 
WCDMA band:    WCDMA BC3  
WCDMA channel: 1475
GMM (PS) state:DEREGISTERED     PLMN SEARCH    
MM (CS) state: IDLE             PLMN SEARCH    

WCDMA L1 state:L1M_ACQ          LAC:           0000 (0)
RRC state:   DISCONNECTED       UTRAN Cell ID: 00000000 (0)
RxM RSSI C0:    ---             RxD RSSI C0:  --- 
RxM RSSI C1:    ---             RxD RSSI C1:  --- 


OK
ati3
Manufacturer: Sierra Wireless, Incorporated
Model: EM7455
Revision: SWI9X30C_02.33.03.00 r8209 CARMD-EV-FRMWR2 2019/08/28 20:59:30
MEID: 01458200686358
IMEI: 014582006863584
IMEI SV: 20
FSN: LF722122230310
+GCAP: +CGSM


OK
AT!IMPREF?
!IMPREF: 
 preferred fw version:    02.33.03.00
 preferred carrier name:  GENERIC
 preferred config name:   GENERIC_002.072_001
 preferred subpri index:  000
 current fw version:      02.33.03.00
 current carrier name:    GENERIC
 current config name:     GENERIC_002.072_001
 current subpri index:    000

OK
AT!SELRAT?
!SELRAT: 00, Automatic


OK
AT!BAND?
Index, Name
00, All bands


OK
AT+cpin?
+CPIN: READY

OK
AT!uims?
!UIMS: 0

OK
AT+CGDCONT?
+CGDCONT: 1,"IPV4V6","bredband.oister.dk","0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0",0,0,0,0

OK

is this “bredband.oister.dk” correct APN?
how about limiting the technology to LTE mode by AT!SELRAT command?

No, it’s NOT correct.
That’s why I said it’s weird before

then why don’t you set it now in ubuntu and see if it can register network?

e.g.
AT+CGDCONT=1,“IP”,“internet”

Because I don’t really have much / any experience with these AT commands.

I executed this one, how should I proceed further ? Test with mmcli / ModemManager ?

you can restart the telecom stack by
AT+CFUN=0
AT+Cfun=1
AT+CGDCONT?

And then you can check whether the module can register network by AT!GSTATUS?

Many thanks :slight_smile: .

ATE
OK
ATE1
OK

AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","internet"
OK
AT+CGDCONT?
+CGDCONT: 1,"IP","internet","0.0.0.0",0,0,0,0

OK
AT+CFUN=0
OK
AT+Cfun=1
OK
AT+CGDCONT?
+CGDCONT: 1,"IP","internet","0.0.0.0",0,0,0,0

OK
AT!GSTATUS?
!GSTATUS: 
Current Time:  1491             Temperature: 21
Reset Counter: 1                Mode:        ONLINE         
System mode:   LTE              PS state:    Attached     
LTE band:      B20              LTE bw:      20 MHz  
LTE Rx chan:   6350             LTE Tx chan: 24350
LTE CA state:  INACTIVE                 LTE Scell band:B3     
LTE Scell bw:20 MHz             LTE Scell chan:1300
EMM state:     Registered       Normal Service 
RRC state:     RRC Connected  
IMS reg state: No Srv  

PCC RxM RSSI:  -85              RSRP (dBm):  -119
PCC RxD RSSI:  -85              RSRP (dBm):  -118
SCC RxM RSSI:  -100             RSRP (dBm):  -124
SCC RxD RSSI:  -100             RSRP (dBm):  -127
Tx Power:      --               TAC:         1DB0 (7600)
RSRQ (dB):     -12.9            Cell ID:     005F6F14 (6254356)
SINR (dB):      4.0


OK

Using ModemManager GUI I could successfully briefly register to the Network. But before I managed to try to ping e.g. 8.8.8.8, it dropped out.

I guess that’s why you said that the signal strength / antenna was bad, right ?

i guess so…
the signal is bad:

PCC RxM RSSI:  -85              RSRP (dBm):  -119
PCC RxD RSSI:  -85              RSRP (dBm):  -118

Well just for trying I decided to put into OpenWRT now and give it a try.

It works. Not well by any means. But for indoor location with a rainy / cloudy day, I am getting approx. 10 Mbps download / 1 Mbps upload.

Do you know why it stubbornly decided to stick with the bredband.oister.dk APN even though I clearly specified “internet” ?

Maybe during one of the attemps with OpenWRT to use MBIM / QMI as a Modem, it stored the information permanently ?

i think it is changed by the modemanager in linux
normally i will disable or uninstall modemmanager

e.g.:

sudo apt-get purge modemmanager
sudo killall ModemManager

Unfortunately I need that in order to get OpenWRT to work. But your solution to “flash” these changes with

AT+CGDCONT=1,“IP”,“internet”

Seemed to work. Since I could successfully transfer the USB adapter / modem from Ubuntu 23.10 to OpenWRT and there it “just works” now.

Thanks a lot for your help :ok_hand:

I marked your post about that as the solution to the problem. Many thanks again.