Slow LTE + 5G DL Speed on EM9191

Hello everyone,

we are using an EM9191 for our application and currently evaluating performance. With LTE only (B7 band), we reach download speeds up to 140 Mbps DL/50 Mbps UL, but as soon as 5G NSA (EN-DC, n78 band) comes in, the max I ever got was 100 Mbps DL, but upload is much faster (also around 100 Mbps). Also, we notice that instead of falling back to LTE only when going back into a room w/o 5G, it will keep 5G on with terrible RX power (NR5G RSRP (dBm): -122). How is that?

  • FW version of EM9191: 03.09.11.00
  • Router: 8devices Habanero running OpenWrt 22.03.4 r20123-38ccc47687
  • EM9191 connected using USB 3, cdc_mbim driver on modem manager

Do you think it is a router-interface issue, or EM9191 FW issue, a configuration issue, a provider issue (provider-side limitation) or is it supposed to be like this? I have attached the mmcli and at!gstatus report below as reference. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

  ----------------------------------
  General  |                   path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/0
           |              device id: XXXXX
  ----------------------------------
  Hardware |           manufacturer: Sierra Wireless, Incorporated
           |                  model: Sierra Wireless EM9191
           |      firmware revision: 03.09.11.00_GENERIC
           |         carrier config: default
           |           h/w revision: EM9191
           |              supported: gsm-umts, lte, 5gnr
           |                current: gsm-umts, lte, 5gnr
           |           equipment id: 355890347230810
  ----------------------------------
  System   |                 device: /sys/devices/platform/soc/8af8800.usb3/8a00000.dwc3/xhci-hcd.0.auto/usb2/2-1
           |                drivers: cdc_mbim, option1
           |                 plugin: sierra
           |           primary port: cdc-wdm0
           |                  ports: cdc-wdm0 (mbim), wwan0 (net)
  ----------------------------------
  Status   |         unlock retries: sim-pin2 (3)
           |                  state: connected
           |            power state: on
           |            access tech: lte
           |         signal quality: 74% (cached)
  ----------------------------------
  Modes    |              supported: allowed: 3g; preferred: none
           |                         allowed: 4g; preferred: none
           |                         allowed: 3g, 4g; preferred: 4g
           |                         allowed: 3g, 4g; preferred: 3g
           |                         allowed: 5g; preferred: none
           |                         allowed: 4g, 5g; preferred: 5g
           |                         allowed: 4g, 5g; preferred: 4g
           |                         allowed: 3g, 5g; preferred: 5g
           |                         allowed: 3g, 5g; preferred: 3g
           |                         allowed: 3g, 4g, 5g; preferred: 5g
           |                         allowed: 3g, 4g, 5g; preferred: 4g
           |                         allowed: 3g, 4g, 5g; preferred: 3g
           |                current: allowed: 3g, 4g, 5g; preferred: 5g
  ----------------------------------
  Bands    |              supported: utran-1, utran-3, utran-4, utran-6, utran-5, utran-8, 
           |                         utran-9, utran-2, eutran-1, eutran-2, eutran-3, eutran-4, eutran-5, 
           |                         eutran-7, eutran-8, eutran-12, eutran-13, eutran-14, eutran-17, 
           |                         eutran-18, eutran-19, eutran-20, eutran-25, eutran-26, eutran-28, 
           |                         eutran-29, eutran-30, eutran-32, eutran-34, eutran-38, eutran-39, 
           |                         eutran-40, eutran-41, eutran-42, eutran-43, eutran-46, eutran-48, 
           |                         eutran-66, eutran-71, utran-19
           |                current: utran-1, utran-3, utran-4, utran-6, utran-5, utran-8, 
           |                         utran-9, utran-2, eutran-1, eutran-2, eutran-3, eutran-4, eutran-5, 
           |                         eutran-7, eutran-8, eutran-12, eutran-13, eutran-14, eutran-17, 
           |                         eutran-18, eutran-19, eutran-20, eutran-25, eutran-26, eutran-28, 
           |                         eutran-29, eutran-30, eutran-32, eutran-34, eutran-38, eutran-39, 
           |                         eutran-40, eutran-41, eutran-42, eutran-43, eutran-46, eutran-48, 
           |                         eutran-66, eutran-71, utran-19
  ----------------------------------
  IP       |              supported: ipv4, ipv6, ipv4v6
  ----------------------------------
  3GPP     |                   imei: XXXXX
           |          enabled locks: fixed-dialing
           |            operator id: XXXXX
           |          operator name: XXXXX
           |           registration: home
  ----------------------------------
  3GPP EPS |    initial bearer path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Bearer/0
           | initial bearer ip type: ipv4v6
  ----------------------------------
  SIM      |       primary sim path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/SIM/0
  ----------------------------------
  Bearer   |                  paths: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Bearer/1

Current Time:  1476		Temperature: 29
Thermal Mitigation Level: 0
Reset Counter: 1		Mode:        ONLINE         
System mode:   ENDC        	PS state:    Attached     
LTE band:      B3     		LTE bw:      20 MHz  
LTE Rx chan:   1850		LTE Tx chan: 19850
LTE SCC1 state:INACTIVE    	LTE SCC1 band: B7     
LTE SCC1 bw  : 20 MHz  		LTE SCC1 Rx chan: 2850
LTE SCC1 UL Configured: FALSE	LTE SCC1 Tx chan: 0
LTE SCC2 state:INACTIVE    	LTE SCC2 band: B20    
LTE SCC2 bw  : 10 MHz  		LTE SCC2 Rx chan: 6200
LTE SCC2 UL Configured: FALSE	LTE SCC2 Tx chan: 0
LTE SCC3 state:INACTIVE    	LTE SCC3 band: B1     
LTE SCC3 bw  : 10 MHz  		LTE SCC3 Rx chan: 54
LTE SCC3 UL Configured: FALSE	LTE SCC3 Tx chan: 0
EMM state:     Registered     	Normal Service 
RRC state:     RRC Connected  
IMS reg state: REGISTERED      	IMS mode:    Normal       
IMS Srv State: FULL SMS,NO VoIP        

PCC RxM RSSI:  -41		PCC RxM RSRP:  -77
PCC RxD RSSI:  -39		PCC RxD RSRP:  -72
PCC RxM1 RSSI:  -89		PCC RxM1 RSRP:  -126
PCC RxD1 RSSI:  -88		PCC RxD1 RSRP:  -125
SCC1 RxM RSSI: -57		SCC1 RxM RSRP: -77
SCC1 RxD RSSI: -53		SCC1 RxD RSRP: -74
SCC2 RxM RSSI: -46		SCC2 RxM RSRP: -69
SCC2 RxD RSSI: -42		SCC2 RxD RSRP: -64
SCC3 RxM RSSI: -54		SCC3 RxM RSRP: -75
SCC3 RxD RSSI: -56		SCC3 RxD RSRP: -77
SCC3 RxM1 RSSI:  --- 		SCC3 RxM1 RSRP:  --- 
SCC3 RxD1 RSSI:  --- 		SCC3 RxD1 RSRP:  --- 
PCC Tx Power:  -27		TAC:         9c54 (40020)
SCC1 Tx Power: ---
SCC2 Tx Power: ---
SCC3 Tx Power: ---
RSRQ (dB):     -12.6		Cell ID:     01390e00 (20516352)
SINR (dB):      2.4

SCC1 NR5G band:       n78    	SCC1 NR5G bw:         100 MHz   
SCC1 NR5G Tx Power:   -12	SCC1 NR5G Tx chan:    650000
SCC1 NR5G Rx chan:    650000
NR5G RSRP (dBm): -68		NR5G RSRQ (dB):  -11
NR5G SINR (dB):  23.0

PCC RxM1 RSRP: -126
PCC RxD1 RSRP: -125

Seems the connection of mimo1 and mimo2 antennas are not in good condition

Thank you for your reply. From the integration manual it reads that it is only used for n41, which is why both of them (MIMO1 and MIMO2) are not terminated. Is the MIMO1 and MIMO2 required for LTE +(NSA) 5G on B7 and n78 to function?

MIMO1 is for n41 “TX”

image

LTE B7 is not low band (LB), so it would also use MAIN, AUX, MIMO1 and MIMO2 for RX

I have found some coverage on this in a FW document.

Have tried this, but it doesn’t bring any relief, it still tries to find PCC RxM1 RSRP and PCC RxD1 RSRP with very low dB.
Do you have an idea or any solution?

what are you setting now for EM9191 RFCID?

Setting this option:

1008
2 antennas for WCDMA/LTE/FR1, with SDX55-1 corresponding RF capability
SP1_RC1 (BP8.2B1)
From 1007, support 2-antenna case.

How is the download speed now?

Under 5G reception (n78), it does not get faster than around 70 Mbps DL and 40 Mbps UL, while LTE reaches about 120 Mbps DL. Is it as fast as n78 gets?
This is the at!gstatus output:

at!gstatus?
!GSTATUS: 
Current Time:  157		Temperature: 32
Thermal Mitigation Level: 0
Reset Counter: 1		Mode:        ONLINE         
System mode:   ENDC        	PS state:    Attached     
LTE band:      B3     		LTE bw:      20 MHz  
LTE Rx chan:   1850		LTE Tx chan: 19850
LTE SCC1 state:INACTIVE    	LTE SCC1 band: B7     
LTE SCC1 bw  : 20 MHz  		LTE SCC1 Rx chan: 2850
LTE SCC1 UL Configured: FALSE	LTE SCC1 Tx chan: 0
LTE SCC2 state:INACTIVE    	LTE SCC2 band: B20    
LTE SCC2 bw  : 10 MHz  		LTE SCC2 Rx chan: 6200
LTE SCC2 UL Configured: FALSE	LTE SCC2 Tx chan: 0
LTE SCC3 state:INACTIVE    	LTE SCC3 band: B1     
LTE SCC3 bw  : 10 MHz  		LTE SCC3 Rx chan: 54
LTE SCC3 UL Configured: FALSE	LTE SCC3 Tx chan: 0
EMM state:     Registered     	Normal Service 
RRC state:     RRC Connected  
IMS reg state: REGISTERED      	IMS mode:    Normal       
IMS Srv State: FULL SMS,NO VoIP        

PCC RxM RSSI:  -60		PCC RxM RSRP:  -96
PCC RxD RSSI:  -55		PCC RxD RSRP:  -93
SCC1 RxM RSSI: -84		SCC1 RxM RSRP: -109
SCC1 RxD RSSI: -78		SCC1 RxD RSRP: -99
SCC2 RxM RSSI: -72		SCC2 RxM RSRP: -95
SCC2 RxD RSSI: -67		SCC2 RxD RSRP: -90
SCC3 RxM RSSI: -80		SCC3 RxM RSRP: -108
SCC3 RxD RSSI: -81		SCC3 RxD RSRP: -109
PCC Tx Power:  ---		TAC:         9c54 (40020)
SCC1 Tx Power: ---
SCC2 Tx Power: ---
SCC3 Tx Power: ---
RSRQ (dB):     -17.4		Cell ID:     013c8802 (20744194)
SINR (dB):      4.2

SCC1 NR5G band:       n78    	SCC1 NR5G bw:         100 MHz   
SCC1 NR5G Tx Power:   -1	SCC1 NR5G Tx chan:    650000
SCC1 NR5G Rx chan:    650000
NR5G RSRP (dBm): -93		NR5G RSRQ (dB):  -11
NR5G SINR (dB):  13.5

It does not try to find PCC RxM1 RSRP and PCC RxD1 RSRP

I see it too, ah. Do you think it is a carrier limitation then, or something to do with TX power?

I have no idea currently
but have you tried with another network operator?