There is nothing in the documentation to indicate that issuing AT+COPS=0 will, “reset the PLMN search” - but this does, in fact, seem to be the case!
For example:
In such a case, it does seem that issuing AT+COPS=0 will, indeed, “reset the PLMN search” - and will allow the module to escape from the “stuck” state!
I can relate this issue with Quectel BG77 modem too. I was not able to attach to any operator though AT+QNWINFO command gave network info (LTE Band 13 and Verizon), but AT+COPS? always gave no operator. I tried with resetting the modem, factore restore it but none of it work. Then I tried AT+COPS=0 and it immediately attached to operator.