I have just made a test with my HL7802 with GSM network here.
I found that the CCLK time is updated after starting some UDP communication:
ati3
HL7802.4.6.9.4
OK
at+cpin?
+CPIN: READY
OK
at+ksrat?
+KSRAT: 0
OK
at+ksrat=2
OK
at+cfun=1,1
OK
at+cpin?
+CPIN: READY
OK
at+cgdcont?
+CGDCONT: 1,"IPV4V6",,,0,0,0,0,0,,0,,,,,
+CGDCONT: 2,"IPV4V6",,,0,0,0,0,0,,0,,,,,
OK
at+cgdcont=1,"IP","hkcsl"
OK
at+cgpaddr=1
+CGPADDR: 1
OK
at+creg?
+CREG: 0,1
OK
at+cclk?
+CCLK: "24/10/24,14:27:42+32"
OK
at+ctzu?
+CTZU: 1
OK
at+ctzu=0
OK
at+cclk="24/10/23,00:00:00-20"
OK
at+cfun=1,1
OK
at+Cpin?
+CPIN: READY
OK
at+csq
+CSQ: 99,99
OK
at+creg?
+CREG: 0,1
OK
at+cclk?
+CCLK: "24/10/23,00:00:26-20"
OK
at+cgdcont?
+CGDCONT: 1,"IP","hkcsl",,0,0,0,0,0,,0,,,,,
+CGDCONT: 2,"IPV4V6",,,0,0,0,0,0,,0,,,,,
OK
AT+KNTPCFG=1,"pool.ntp.org",0,-32
OK
at+kntpcfg?
+KNTPCFG: 1,pool.ntp.org,0,-32
OK
at+cclk?
+CCLK: "24/10/23,00:06:55-20"
OK
at+cfun=1,1
OK
at+creg?
+CREG: 0,1
OK
at+cclk?
+CCLK: "24/10/23,00:07:47-20"
OK
at+cgact?
+CGACT: 1,0
+CGACT: 2,0
+CGACT: 3,0
+CGACT: 4,0
+CGACT: 5,0
+CGACT: 6,0
+CGACT: 7,0
+CGACT: 8,0
+CGACT: 9,0
+CGACT: 10,0
+CGACT: 11,0
+CGACT: 12,0
+CGACT: 13,0
+CGACT: 14,0
+CGACT: 15,0
OK
at+cgatt?
+CGATT: 1
OK
at+cgact=1,1
OK
at+creg?
+CREG: 0,1
OK
at+cgpaddr=1
+CGPADDR: 1,"10.105.62.127"
OK
at+cclk?
+CCLK: "24/10/23,00:09:08-20"
OK
AT+KCNXCFG=1,"GPRS","hkcsl"
OK
AT+KCNXPROFILE=1
OK
AT+KUDPCFG=1,0,5043
+KUDPCFG: 1
OK
+KCNX_IND: 1,1,0
+KUDP_IND: 1,1
at+cclk?
+CCLK: "24/10/23,00:09:44-20"
OK
AT+KUDPSND=1,"123.123.123.123",123,48
CONNECT
OK
at+cclk?
+CCLK: "24/10/24,01:54:19+20"
OK
On the other hand, perhaps you can also try to start the NTP communication manually.
In this case, you can control everything including the +CCLK setting and the connection to the NTP server and retry mechanism.
AT+KUDPCFG=1,0,5043
+KUDPCFG: 1
OK
+KCNX_IND: 1,4,1
+KCNX_IND: 1,1,0
+KUDP_IND: 1,1
AT+KUDPSND=1,"pool.ntp.org",123,48
CONNECT
//here send binary file "init_udp.bin"
OK
+KUDP_DATA: 1,48
AT+KUDPRCV=1,48
CONNECT
ç 6 †
GòêÄZeÿ´º1 êÄZ5@bþ7êÄZ5@iV--EOF--Pattern--
OK
+KUDP_RCV: "162.159.200.1",123
init_udp.bin (64 Bytes)
To decode, you can see here: